21:03: Report: Kidnapped Ukrainian Children Offered on Russian Adoption Platform
A report claims that kids abducted from Ukraine have been allowed for adoption in Russia. The "Financial Times" discovered four Ukrainian kids on a Russian adoption website. One child is observed with a false identity - a Russian name and a false age. None of the children mention their Ukrainian origin. The "Financial Times" adds that the kids were removed from state orphanages and separated from their caretakers and relatives when various places in the south and east of Ukraine were under Russian control in 2022. The kids, aged between eight and 15, are in the Russian region of Tula nearby Moscow, along with the area of Orenburg, which borders Kazakhstan. One child was sent to the occupied Crimean Peninsula. Seventeen other Ukrainian kids on the adoption website were found by the "New York Times" in a recent investigation and said to be from an orphanage in Kherson.
8:52 pm Zelensky meets Crown Prince bin Salman in Riyadh
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky has arrived in Saudi Arabia for talks. In a meeting with Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, they also talked about the preparations for the peace summit in Switzerland, as mentioned by Zelensky. Zelensky was predicted to be in Riyadh since June, but then it was mentioned that Saudi Arabia would not take part in the summit in Switzerland due to Russia's non-attendance. It is unclear whether Saudi Arabia will send a group to the Swiss location of Bürgenstock near Lucerne on June 15 and 16.
8:37 pm Ukraine claims to have damaged more Russian air defense systems on the Crimean Peninsula
The Ukrainian military announces successful air strikes against Russian air defense installations on the occupied Crimean Peninsula last night. In accordance with the Ukrainian General Staff, several divisions armed with S-300 and S-400 systems were targeted at the military airfield Belbek near the port city of Sevastopol. Two radar installations were destroyed. Additionally, weapon depots were destroyed. The General Staff didn't give any proof. Earlier, the governor of the occupied port city, Mikhail Razvozhaev, confirmed Ukrainian rocket attacks. According to his words, all targets were destroyed in the air and partly over the sea.
8:06 pm Russia demands release of alleged spy in Denmark
Russia is asking for the release of a Russian woman who was convicted in Denmark on charges of espionage. "The Russian Embassy in Denmark has requested the Danish authorities to immediately release the Russian citizen and is prepared to offer her consular assistance," said Foreign Ministry spokesperson Maria Zakharova. The Danish authorities had declared on Tuesday that the Russian lady was arrested for facilitating the operations of a foreign intelligence service. She had to be questioned and was supposed to be released after questioning.
6:30 pm USA: G7 determines framework for usage of Russian assets
The US administration sees the negotiations regarding the utilization of frozen Russian state assets for Ukraine in a positive light. The negotiations have been fruitful and productive, asserts National Security Advisor to US President Biden, Jake Sullivan. A choice on this issue is predicted at the G7 summit in Italy. Sullivan insisted, nevertheless, that the intended statement by the heads of state and government on the plans would not deal with each and every detail but only offer a framework.
6:04 pm Thiele: Politics and media support Putin's assault notion
Since 2011, compulsory military service has been suspended in Germany. Defense Minister Pistorius aims to develop more reservists and military strength with a new model. Still, military expert Ralph Thiele states it's "too light, too unambitious" and that Putin is even cooperating with it.
5:34 pm USA announces security agreement with Ukraine
US President Biden and his Ukrainian counterpart Zelensky plan to sign a bilateral security agreement between the two countries at the G7 summit in Italy on Thursday. This was announced by Biden's National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan. Fifteen countries have already signed identical agreements with Ukraine. According to Sullivan, the negotiations between the US government and Kiev have been finalized. Yet, he didn't yet specify the content of the agreement, but highlighted that it entailed no dedication to deploying US troops to defend Ukraine. "It is a pledge that we will ensure that Ukraine can safeguard itself."
5:04 pm At least nine slain in rocket strike on Kryvyi Rih
Ukrainian sources declare at least nine individuals were killed in a Russian rocket strike on Kryvyi Rih in southern Ukraine. At least 29 others were injured, including five children, as stipulated by the General Prosecutor's Office. The search for the missing is ongoing. Kryvyi Rih is the hometown of Ukrainian President Zelensky. The Ukrainian leader is calling on his allies to give Ukraine air defense systems in light of the attack. "Modern air defense systems can offering utmost protection for individuals, cities, and our positions. We need them as quickly as possible," Zelensky writes. Read further here.
Over a hundred agreements were finalized at the Ukraine reconstruction conference in Berlin, as per Development Minister Svenja Schulze. These included business deals between companies, partnerships between governments, and alliances and initiatives. Four "Berlin Dimensions" of reconstruction were defined: business, human, local, and EU dimensions. The conference is not a donor event where funds are collected but is aimed at forging connections.
Later, in the Caribbean, a fleet of Russian warships swept into the region. The first two ships sailed through Havana Bay's mouth, while US officials predicted that a few Russian vessels and their support ships would participate in the exercises, potentially stopping in Venezuela. During this time, Russian warships have been frequent visitors to the Caribbean. These deployments, just over two weeks after the US authorized Ukraine to retaliate against Russia to protect Kharkiv, prompted the Kremlin to threaten "asymmetric actions" in other places globally. However, personnel on those ships confirmed that no nuclear weapons were aboard, thus presenting no risk to the USA.
Following these events, the USA introduced a new sanctions package, targeting over 300 individuals and organizations responsible for allowing Russia to continue waging war. Selected Chinese companies were also included in these sanctions.
Rheinmetall and Ukraine planned to intensify their strategic cooperation, as witnessed by an agreement they signed at the Ukraine Reconstruction Conference in Berlin. The DAX company and Ukraine, symbolized by their Minister of Strategic Industries, Oleksandr Kamyschin, inked this deal. Rheinmetall CEO Armin Papperger revealed, "We're already in discussions regarding the establishment of a joint venture for producing artillery ammunition in Ukraine. Additionally, we're planning to surrender the first Lynx infantry fighting vehicles to the country this year and institute manufacturing of these systems in Ukraine as soon as possible."
Ukraine formed the world's first drone combat force, composed of thousands of drones that have continuously monitored and targeted military positions since the beginning of the war.
In other news, German Defense Minister Boris Pistorius anticipated up to 5,000 additional soldiers joining the Bundeswehr each year through his new military service scheme. He plans to establish a draftee database of 400,000 young men, who'll undergo specific questionnaires regarding their inclination towards military service and even participate in a screening process. However, the goal is voluntary service with a mix of compulsory elements.
SPD's Defense Ombudsman Eva Högl supported Pistorius's new military service model, believing it could resolve the Bundeswehr's personnel problems and contribute substantially to their defense preparedness. She emphasized the collective responsibility of society in safeguarding peace, freedom, and democracy. A modern military service with voluntary and mandatory elements was considered essential.
Throughout all these disclosures, Pistorius had previously unveiled his plans to the German Parliament's Defense Committee. He aimed to revitalize the abandoned conscription system. In addition, the SPD politician expected young men to fill out a questionnaire about their readiness and capability to serve and undergo some form of screening process. Though the German constitution doesn't stipulate conscription for females, females could receive the questionnaire but wouldn't be legally bound to complete it. Pistorius suggested that these shortlisted individuals would serve for six months or make lengthier commitments of up to 23 months. Despite the emphasis on voluntary service in his plan, the proposal also suggested incorporating mandatory elements.
The Federal Ministry of Education and Research intends to support Ukraine's scientific and research activities for the next four years to the tune of 24 million euros, as stated by Research Minister Bettina Stark-Watzinger at a conference on Ukraine's reconstruction in Berlin. Stark-Watzinger emphasized that excellent science and research play a key role in the reconstruction process. The ministry is supporting various initiatives, such as establishing and reinforcing joint research groups between German and Ukrainian institutions. Collaboration takes place in fields like German-Ukrainian and European history of the 20th century, antibiotic research, and quantum research.
At 14:49, Kim Jong Un praises the relationship with Russia in terms of a "Weapons Brotherhood". Such a closeness was achieved after last September's meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin. Following this summit, military and economic cooperation between the two countries expanded significantly. It is believed that North Korea supplied weapons like artillery, rockets, and more to Russia to assist their efforts in Ukraine. As a result, North Korea gained access to advanced military technology and economic aid. Currently, Russia is said to be planning a visit from Putin to North Korea, given its need for more weapons in their invasion war.
The second day of the international Ukraine reconstruction conference in Berlin witnessed the founding of an alliance for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by Germany, Ukraine, and twelve other countries, as well as seventeen development organizations and banks. These businesses represent the foundation of Ukraine's economy and generate two-thirds of its value creation, with more than 80% of its jobs. The purpose of the alliance is to support these enterprises during wartime and prepare them for reconstruction. The participating nations and institutions have made commitments totaling more than seven billion euros for ongoing and new programs.
At 13:51, Development Minister Svenja Schulze called on Ukraine's partner countries to strengthen city partnerships in its resurrection process. Germans urged their allies to work together so that each Ukrainian city would have at least one international pairing. There is a large German-Ukrainian municipal partnership network with over 200 connections.
In the second day of the Ukraine reconstruction conference in Berlin, Dmitry Medvedev, former Kremlin chief, claimed the entire Ukraine belonged to Russia on a map for the Russian national holiday. He shared this map on his Telegram blog, accompanied by the sounds of the Russian anthem. The entire territory, extending up to Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary, was marked as Russian. However, the neighboring and closely connected country Belarus was not included on the map. It's important to note that the Russian stance on how much of Ukraine they plan to capture has varied over the years, both officially and in propaganda.
Rheinmetall, an arms manufacturer, is likely to produce infantry fighting vehicles of the Lynx type in Ukraine, as per a media report. This agreement was made during the Ukraine reconstruction conference in Berlin. "We will produce the first Lynx this year," said the Ukrainian Minister for Strategic Industries, Olexander Kamyshin, to Handelsblatt newspaper. But the extent of further production is unclear.
At 12:42, the Russians are reportedly arming more than just tanks but also motorcycles and buggies with protective roofs to protect their troops against drones in the Ukraine war. This is according to military expert Ralph Thiele, who expresses uncertainty about the effectiveness of such a strategy.
Hungary will not participate in the NATO-Ukraine aid program but won't hinder it either. NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg revealed this after a meeting with Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban. Hungary will neither provide financial contributions nor personnel to NATO's support for Ukraine. However, Orban assured that his country would not hinder NATO's decisions, which others approve. "Hungary will not block decisions of NATO that other member states approve," said Orban.
12:20 Medvedev displays a map showing the entire Ukraine as part of Russia, excluding Belarus, for the Russian national holiday.
At 12:20, German arms manufacturer Rheinmetall is said to be building infantry fighting vehicles of the Lynx type in Ukraine.
11:49 Medvedev describes whole of Ukraine as Russian territory on a map celebrating Russian national holiday.
11:49 Hungary has approved NATO-Ukraine aid plan but will not contribute.
11:19 Hungary would not block NATO decisions concerning aid to Ukraine.
11:19 Partner nations will help rebuild Ukrainian cities through city partnerships.
10:59 NATO will not prevent Hungary from joining the Ukraine reconstruction efforts.
10:58 Russia and North Korea have allegedly exchanged weapons for technology and aid.
10:39 Ukrainian small and medium-sized enterprises will receive over seven billion euros in support.
10:06 Ukrainian cities may benefit from international partnerships in their reconstruction.
10:05 Russian ex-leader Medvedev shows Ukraine as part of Russia.
10:02 Ukrainian infantry fighting vehicles could start production this year in Ukraine.
10:00 Scientific and research activities in Ukraine are slated for 24 million euros in support.
9:37 Russia and North Korea have reportedly engaged in a weapons trade.
9:19 The alliance for small and medium-sized enterprises in Ukraine intends to provide over seven billion euros in support.
9:00 Mayors of German and Ukrainian cities will cooperate to enhance post-war development.
8:46 Russia is portraying itself as "Weapons Brother" to North Korea.
8:33 German-Ukrainian partnerships target Ukrainian reconstruction.
8:19 Hungary will allow NATO-Ukrainian efforts to proceed despite abstention.
8:00 The Russian military prepares protective roofs for drone defense.
7:45 The Federal Ministry of Education and Research will dedicate 24 million euros to Ukraine's scientific and research endeavors.
7:27 NATO-Ukraine support plan doesn't involve Hungarian participation or hindrance.
7:00 Hungarian PM Orban promises no barriers for NATO decisions on Ukraine's reconstruction.
6:45 Germany pushes for Ukraine-city partnerships worldwide.
6:30 Must read: North Korea's secret weapons trade with Russia.
6:15 The upcoming NATO-Ukraine aid program is not obstructed by Hungary.
6:00 The former Russian leader Medvedev displays a map claiming Russia's sovereignty over Ukraine.
In the German Bundestag, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky's speech was interrupted by a disruption. Members of the BSW and significant factions of the AfD chose not to attend Zelensky's address. Ukrainian journalist Dennis Trubetskoy is unwilling to tolerate the AfD's justification for this.
11:05 Uniper Demands €13 Billion from Gazprom
The German energy company Uniper, which experienced nationalization during the gas crisis, is seeking €13 billion in compensation from the Russian Gazprom due to insufficient gas supplies. Since Gazprom decreased its gas deliveries in June 2022 and ceased them entirely in August, a court has awarded Uniper this amount. Uniper will now officially revoke the ongoing contracts with Gazprom. However, there's a likelihood that Gazprom will not fulfill these payments.
10:39 Reintroduce the Draft?
The draft issue remains a hot topic, and every opinion is valid. So, what do you think? Should the draft be brought back?
10:10 Moscow Organizes Naval Exercise in the Atlantic
Russia has announced plans for a significant naval exercise in the Atlantic. Russia correspondent Rainer Munz reviews the implications of this military drill and examines the Russian reactions to reports on Zelensky's Berlin visit.
09:44 Faber Confirmed as New Chairman of the Defense Committee
For Chancellor Olaf Scholz, matters won't become easier: Marcus Faber, the 40-year-old FDP politician, is confirmed as the new chairman of the Bundestag Defense Committee. The 38 committee members voted for Faber in a meeting in Berlin. Faber replaces Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann, who'll enter the European Parliament for the FDP and subsequently leave the Bundestag. Faber hails from Saxony-Anhalt and has been a member of the German Bundestag since 2017. He has been a regular member of the Defense Committee since 2018 and is an outspoken proponent of Ukraine. Faber has frequently supported the idea of supplying the Ukrainian government with German Taurus missiles—an idea that Scholz opposes vehemently.
09:24 Mohamed Ali Criticizes the Reintroduction of Conscription
Amira Mohamed Ali, the co-chair of the Left Party, denounces proposals to reinstitute conscription. "I fundamentally disagree with the idea of reintroducing conscription," Mohamed Ali stated in an interview with ntv in the morning. She rejects discussions on military readiness and believes that these are mere war rhetoric. "Germany should strive to prevent a major conflict at all costs." Nevertheless, she admits that the Bundeswehr is experiencing issues. The military must be equipped appropriately and the acquisition process must be changed. "For several years, billions have been poured into the military budget. The money seems to be disappearing into channels for consulting firms or for equipment that doesn't work properly. That's not the right approach."
09:09 Russian Authorities Tighten Control on Foreign Organizations
The Kremlin is applying more pressure on foreign organizations operating in Russia. Consequently, the Duma introduced a bill on Tuesday during its first reading, aimed at allowing the Russian government to classify "any" foreign organization as "undesirable." Additionally, it introduced another bill during its first reading, which stipulates criminal penalties, including fines and prison sentences, for involvement in "any" organization deemed "undesirable." The Institute for the Study of War explains the implications: "With this new draft law, the designation of 'undesirable' is extended to all foreign and international organizations, broadening the Kremlin's power in suppressing and censoring a diverse range of foreign organizations in Russia."
08:40 Kiev Hopes for Russian Participation in Second Ukraine Peace Conference
Kiev is expecting Russian involvement in a second peace conference regarding Ukraine, according to their announcements. Andrij Yermak, the head of the Ukrainian Presidential Administration, expressed this during a video conference from Berlin before the beginning of the first summit in Switzerland. Yermak hopes to create a lasting peace agreement "with all countries interested in participating." He proposes developing a "joint plan" that will be endorsed by all these "responsible countries" - he refers to "100 and more countries" with representatives from all continents. Moreover, Yermak aspires to invite a representative from Russia to join them in formulating this joint plan.
08:11 Potential Sabotage to Moscow's Air Defense System
The Russian authorities are experiencing complications with their air defense system. Anti-Russian partisans are speculated to be responsible.
A Russian satellite communications station is reportedly destroyed in a suspected sabotage in the Moscow region. Anti-Ukraine partisans seem to be claiming responsibility for the attack, sharing a video of a suspected partisan member pouring a flammable liquid on an R-441 Liven communications satellite. That same partisan member is seen in the video, along with a burning communications station in a separate photo. The incident took place in the Klin district of the Moscow region, approximately 85 kilometers northwest of Moscow. According to the partisans, the entire Moscow region's air defense systems have been weakened by this attack.
07:40 Pistorius sees no issue with Borussia Dortmund's advertisement for Rheinmetall
Defense Minister Boris Pistorius is comfortable with the Bundesliga football club Borussia Dortmund advertising for arms manufacturer Rheinmetall in the upcoming season. "I find it acceptable that Rheinmetall advertises at Borussia Dortmund," Pistorius told Redaktionsnetzwerk Deutschland. "Arms manufacturers create weapons that a nation needs to ward off aggressors or protect themselves in emergencies. They also pay taxes, create jobs, and maintain know-how," he continued. He also noted that the advertising represents an "arrival at an important turning point."
07:34 Pistorius aims to reinstate conscription and an aptitude test
Defense Minister Boris Pistorius intends to re-introduce conscription, which has been suspended for 13 years, and make young men answer a questionnaire about their willingness and ability to serve. This matters to Pistorius, who is from the SPD.
07:11 Kiev experiences multiple explosions
At least two dozen blasts were heard this morning in the Ukrainian capital of Kiev, allegedly due to the anti-aircraft fire of the air defense. According to media reports, Russian combat drones, cruise missiles, and a hypersonic missile akin to Kinzhal (Dagger) were fired at targets in Kiev. The city's military administration has only confirmed the usage of air defense thus far. Some reports hint at several Russian rockets potentially reaching their intended targets, which include an industrial plant, a warehouse, a gas station, and an oil depot.
06:46 Fuel from Russia for fuel-starved Bolivia
In an attempt to cope with its fuel deficit, Bolivia is seeking Russian assistance. Bolivian President Luis Arce shared that an agreement for procuring fuel has been reached after his meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin. However, he hasn't disclosed specific details about the deal. Bolivia's domestic fuel production has diminished over time, and its growing demand has aggravated the situation. Bolivia has close ties with Russia, which hasn't faced direct sanctions from the country due to the Ukraine conflict nor has it issued any formal condemnation.
06:17 Gabriel suggests a stronger response against Russia
Amidst the volatile situation in Ukraine, former Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel advocates for a more robust stance against Russia - even involving German soldiers. "I never thought I'd have to say this: We'll need to take down Russia like we did in the Cold War with the Soviet Union. Putin should realize how serious we are," Gabriel stated in an interview with Stern. "It requires a clear signal to Putin: End this war or face the consequences. If that means we have German air defense systems, with the help of Bundeswehr, establishing no-fly zones in Ukraine to protect Ukrainian cities from Russian attacks on the civilian population, I'd tell Mr. Putin we won't do that," he added.
05:54 Putin keeps Patrushev in Security Council despite reduced status
Russian President Vladimir Putin chose to keep his long-time confidant Nikolai Patrushev on the Security Council, despite changes in his power apparatus. In a government website update, Putin also designated the new Russian Defense Minister Andrei Belousov as a permanent member of the Security Council. The Russian Security Council, situated beneath Putin's control, is a consultative organization responsible for the integration and administration of national security strategies and policies. It doesn't possess direct authority over any Russian security agencies or ministries. In a bold move during the government restructuring in May, Putin demoted Patrushev, who had been head of the country for 16 years, to an essentially powerless position - as an advisor on maritime construction. Initially considered one of Russia's most powerful figures, Patrushev's position has drastically altered.
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NATO's Chief Jens Stoltenberg urges alliance nations to commit long-term funds for military assistance to Ukraine, suggesting 40 billion euros yearly. This may seem like a large sum, but it's necessary, and it'd be easier for NATO to share the burden, he adds. Countries' contributions would be calculated based on their GDP, making the US responsible for about half of the annual amount while the remaining would be distributed among European allies and Canada.
In other news, the US is reportedly preparing to provide Ukraine with another Patriot air defense system to help it counter Russian aerial assaults. This move is said to have been decided after several meetings between President Biden and other high-ranking officials. The White House has not yet confirmed this development. The new Patriot system is currently stationed in Poland and may be deployed at the Ukrainian front in the coming days, marking the second US-provided Patriot air defense system for Ukraine.
Ukraine's Kharkiv Mayor, Ihor Terekhov, claims that attacks on the city have eased since they were allowed to use limited foreign aid on Russian soil. "Kharkiv has been relatively quiet in the past few weeks [...] the attacks were less intense than, for example, in May," he said in an interview with Reuters. Recently, Ukraine has been using US-provided weaponry to fend off Russian attacks in the Kharkiv region.
Russian critics, now living abroad, have suggested that the EU could weaken the Kremlin by accepting more Russian opposition figures into their countries. These experts argue that this approach would benefit Europe as the mass exodus of qualified specialists would lead to a weaker Russian economy and military. A study on Russian emigrants presenting these points was recently published in Paris. Most emigrants are well-educated and support Western values, making them valuable additions to their nations of residence.
The Russian armed forces claim to have captured two more settlements in eastern Ukraine: Timkowka in the northeastern region of Kharkiv and Miasoschariwka in the northern part of the Luhansk region.
The Latvian President calls for unity among NATO nations in supporting Ukraine. Edgars Rinkevics states that eastern flank countries need a "coordinated approach" for an upcoming NATO summit in Washington. Unfortunately, Hungary's President Tamas Sulyok has canceled his Riga summit attendance, while President Zuzana Caputova of Slovakia has done the same at the last minute. Hungary has refused to provide military aid, and Slovakia has stopped assisting Ukraine since last year's election of Prime Minister Robert Fico.
German Chancellor Olaf Scholz expressed his disappointment in the AfD and BSW parties for boycotting Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky's speech in the Bundestag. Their absence represented "disrespect" according to the government spokesperson. Scholz was "shocked but not surprised" by the boycott.
Estonia plans to provide Ukraine with more military equipment, specifically the Mistral missile system, to aid it in defending against Russia's constant attacks. The Defense Minister, Hanno Pevkur, explained that Estonia believes it's crucial to support Ukraine, given its direct security risks. The exact quantity of supplied weaponry was not disclosed.
In summary, NATO's Secretary General is encouraging long-term monetary aid to Ukraine, worth 40 billion euros annually; the US might provide a second Patriot air defense system to Ukraine; Kharkiv's Mayor contends that limited foreign aid usage on Russian territory has reduced attacks; critics recommend accepting more Russian opposition figures in Europe; Russia has allegedly seized control of Timkowka and Miasoschariwka; Latvia stresses on unity among eastern flank countries for the NATO summit; Scholz criticizes the non-attendance of AfD and BSW during Zelensky's speech; and Estonia intends to hand over Mistral missile systems to Ukraine.
The United States has decided to lift the arms embargo on the Ukrainian Azov Brigade. This move marks a new chapter in the brigade's history, according to a statement on their Telegram account. The Azov Brigade can now receive military aid from the US. The US State Department claims they could not find any evidence of human rights abuses during their thorough investigation. The Azov Brigade was initially established during the early stages of the Donbass conflict in 2014. Back then, the fighters used Nazi symbols like the Wolfsangel to grab attention. One of the founders of the battalion was the well-known right-wing extremist Andriy Biletsky. The US now asserts that the current brigade, which has been part of the Ukrainian National Guard for a long time, is different from the militia of the early days.
Read also:
- President Volodymyr Zelensky, during his meeting with Russian officials, emphasized the importance of discussing the Ukraine conflict and military operations, urging caution in the preparations for the peace summit in Switzerland.
- In response to the increased cyberwar threats, NATO has strengthened its cyberdefense capacities, aiming to protect its member states, including Ukraine, from potential Russian cyberattacks.
- Following the kidnapping of Ukrainian children and their adoption in Russia, there have been calls for increased international cooperation, with leaders urging Russia to return the children to their families and restore their Ukrainian identities.
- Amidst the ongoing Ukraine conflict and Russia's military operations, there have been renewed discussions about the reintroduction of compulsory military service in some European countries, as a means of strengthening their defense capabilities and deterring future aggression.
