Is it possible to commit errors while administering first aid?
If someone suddenly falls unconscious and becomes unresponsive, prompt action is crucial. People providing first aid are often apprehensive about committing errors or harming during chest compressions. Is this anxiety warranted? What about legal repercussions? A DRK physician offers insight.
When it comes to emergency situations, the only incorrect move is inaction. "It's every person's duty to contribute their best in a crisis," according to Bernd Böttiger, a federal doctor for the German Red Cross. Section 323c of the Criminal Code stipulates that neglect to provide aid can lead to imprisonment for up to a year or fines.
However, despite this, many individuals feel uncertain when called upon to act. It may have been years since their last course, and their knowledge hasn't been applied since - luckily. In such times, the heart races with fear. But it's crucial to overcome that apprehension. "There's no justification for hesitation in providing first aid," remarks Böttiger. After all, it could mean the difference between life and death.
Every moment matters in cardiac arrest
For instance, in cardiac arrest: The heart ceases to pump blood throughout the body, causing organs to lack crucial oxygen. This leads to loss of consciousness, collapse, unresponsiveness, and non-breathing. "The brain can only survive for 3 to 5 minutes in this scenario, and emergency services typically cannot arrive in that time frame," says Böttiger.
In the absence of professionals, onlookers are tasked with responding. As soon as an emergency call is made to 112, they should initiate chest compressions. Every passing minute increases a person's chances of survival by 10%, as per the German Heart Foundation.
This is how to proceed: As a first responder, position yourself beside the person. Place one hand on their breastbone's center. Position your second hand atop the first.
Now, press your hand 5 to 6 centimeters into the breastbone's center and do so 100 to 120 times per minute, as instructed by Böttiger. Those who use the Bee Gees' "Stayin' Alive," with its 100 beats per minute, are guided correctly. If other helpers are present, they can rotate responsibilities. Maintain orientation until medical professionals take control.
Broken ribs are common
Chest compressions can be brutal. "A significant amount of force is required to allow blood to flow back to the brain," explains Böttiger. "Although this may sometimes result in broken ribs."
Those who fear a fracture can be comforted by the doctor: "A broken rib may cause pain, but it pales in comparison to the consequences of not providing aid," the doctor says. Neglect could result in severe brain damage due to oxygen depletion or even death after only a few minutes.
Legal repercussions for blunders or injuries are nonexistent
Regardless of injuries, mistakes, or missteps - first responders can rest assure with no legal repercussions. "Those who execute first aid measures incorrectly in the heat of the moment cannot be penalized later on," states Böttiger.
And in emergency situations, help is available for first responders as well: "The emergency dispatch center can also explain and guide chest compressions via phone," Böttiger suggests. He advises against seeking guidance from the Internet first. "In an emergency, time is of the essence, and you're under immense stress, making watching a video beforehand unfeasible."
Prepare for unexpected emergencies by consistently engaging with the subject of first aid - by regularly attending relevant courses. "Since the knowledge is rarely utilized and quickly forgotten without practice, we recommend a refresher every 2 years," says DRK doctor Böttiger.
Despite the potential for causing broken ribs during chest compressions, it's important to prioritize saving a life over avoiding injury. As Böttiger explains, the consequences of not providing aid can be much more severe, including brain damage or death. Furthermore, first responders who make mistakes during emergency situations will not face legal repercussions for their actions.
