Frankfurt's Stock Exchange - Dax kicks off at a loss.
The DAX index retreated a bit, dropping to 18,556 points in early dealing. It stays within the range it's had for weeks now, fluctuating around 18,400 points and reaching a record high in mid-May at about 18,900 points.
The MDax, made up of medium-sized businesses, saw a dip of 0.3% down to 26,888 points as well. And over in the Euro zone, the EuroStoxx 50, the premier index, slid by 0.3% too.